CSE 316 · Data Communication · Forouzan Ch. 1

Turning a wave into numbers

What to look at: two knobs decide everything — how often you look (sampling rate) and how finely you measure (levels). Multiply them and you get the bit rate you must pay for.
original wave sample instants quantized staircase rebuilt signal (ideal sinc reconstruction) quantization error
Bits / sample
8
log₂(256)
Samples / second
8 000
 
Bit rate
64 kbps
 
SQNR measured
—
 
One minute costs
—
uncompressed
© 2026 Mohammad Faisal Uddin, PhD (Associate Professor, Dept. of CSE, IUB)