CSE 316 · Data Communication · Forouzan Ch. 1

Connected is not communicating

What to look at: the wire delivers every single bit, perfectly, every time. Break any one of the three agreements — code, delimiter, rate — and the message still dies.
Device A — sender
Character code
Frame delimiter
Bit rate
Message:
The wire — a perfect copper pair
 
Device B — receiver
Character code
Frame delimiter
Bit rate
B knows nothing about A's settings — it can only assume.
 
What B actually got
 
The three agreements
✓Character code
✓Frame delimiter
✓Bit rate
 
© 2026 Mohammad Faisal Uddin, PhD (Associate Professor, Dept. of CSE, IUB)