One datagram, two frames — the whole journey

A to B across a router, with every address the network actually uses. Watch the MAC tables fill themselves, and watch what the router has to ask before it can send anything at all.

A — 192.168.10.10 · the forwarding decision
A's ARP cache
IP addressMAC address
R1 — routing table
DestinationNext hopOut
R1's ARP cache
IP addressMAC address
On the wire right now
SW1 — MAC address table (learned from source addresses)
MAC addressPort
SW2 — MAC address table (learned from source addresses)
MAC addressPort
What just crossed the wire